The adverse impact of climate change is a major challenge to socio-economic development  globally. The African countries are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of climate  change, including water stress and scarcity, food insecurity, diminished hydropower generation  potential, loss of biodiversity and ecosystem degradation, increased incidence of disease  burden, destruction of infrastructure and high costs of disaster management as a result of  increased frequency and intensity of droughts, floods, hot days and landslides.